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Civil Engineering - CIEN 626

Groundwater and Seepage

• Write the water budget equation and use it for hydrologic budgetary analysis
• Examine rock properties that affect groundwater
• Classify aquifers as unconfined, confined, leaky, or idealized
• Define aquifer storativity for unconfined and confined aquifers
• Examine the famous experiments of Henry Darcy that led to the development of Darcy’s law
• Apply Darcy’s Law to determine groundwater flow rates and travel times
• Examine field and laboratory techniques used to determine the hydraulic conductivity of porous media
• Develop the general flow equations for saturated flow in confined and unconfined aquifers
• Examine the application of Darcy’s law to the unsaturated zone
• Develop Richard’s equation, the governing equation for unsteady unsaturated flow in a porous medium
• Develop the Green-Ampt infiltration equation, an approximate solution to Richard’s equation
• Apply  Darcy’s Law and the fundamental equations governing groundwater movement to the following particular situations:
• Steady unidirectional flow in a confined aquifer
• Steady unidirectional flow in an unconfined aquifer under the Dupuit assumptions
• Steady flow to two parallel streams from a uniformly recharged unconfined aquifer
• Develop the Thiem equation describing steady radial flow to a well in a confined aquifer
• Use the Dupuit assumptions to develop an equation describing steady radial flow to a well in a unconfined aquifer
• Develop the nonequilibrium, or Theis, equation describing unsteady radial flow in a confined aquifer
• Use the Theis type curve method to determine aquifer transmissivity and storativity from drawdown data
• Use the Cooper-Jacob method of solution to determine aquifer transmissivity and storativity
• Use groundwater recovery data to evaluate aquifer transmissivity
• Examine the type curves developed by Boulton that illustrate the effect of delayed yield for pumping tests in unconfined aquifers
• Apply the principle of superposition to determine the drawdown at a point in a multiple well system
• Apply the principle of superposition and image well theory to evaluate the drawdown due to a pumped well near a stream and impermeable boundary
• Examine the effects of partial well penetration on drawdown
• Evaluate the effect of well losses on drawdown due to a pumped well
• Determine hydraulic properties of aquifers using slug test data
• Introduce groundwater flow modeling techniques and applications.  The following topics are covered:
• Steps in the development of a groundwater model
• Numerical solution of the governing equations
• Introduction and application of the groundwater model MODFLOW